Showing posts with label professional development. Show all posts
Showing posts with label professional development. Show all posts

Monday, March 1, 2021

Supporting Teacher's ICT Curriculum and Pedagogy

How can teacher-librarians support teachers ICT curriculum and pedagogy?  Currently, I am in the classroom and I have not yet had the opportunity to act as a teacher librarian so I have not thought much about how I will support teachers. However, the best practices we use with students, should also be used when teachers are the students.  Like the classroom, I would first start with building relationships, followed by building opportunities to learn.


Build Relationships

   Teachers need to view a teacher librarian as approachable, knowledgeable and willing to help.  For staff to see this a relationship needs to be fostered.

 Photo by Alexandra
There are lots of ideas out there on how to build relationships between colleagues - eat in the lunch room, make rounds to see what is going on in the building, but my favourite was something I experienced.  I once had a vice principal who kept chocolate in her office.  If you had a bad day you could go and help yourself.  If she was there then you probably had a conversation and 
left feeling better (plus you still got chocolate) but even if you didn't you knew she cared - she left you chocolate after all.  Carolee Walker talks about how being the 'candy lady' brings people to her that she wouldn't normally interact with and that socializing at work is good for you.  I suspect you will find a box of candy behind the desk in my library one day.

One idea I had to get to know teachers better is to ask them to fill out a survey.  The survey would be aimed at discovering what they know, what they want to know, what they have tried in the past that worked or what didn't work for them. This way I would know what tools, technology or resources I could curate to meet their needs. Also, a survey that is followed up on by the teacher librarian, gives teachers a voice.  I could tailor any professional development I plan I would develop towards what teachers are curious about.  Therefore making the professional development relevant and timely.

 Provide Choice In Learning - It's Motivating

Providing students with choice has proven to motivate learning.  Judy Willis, a former teacher turned neurologist, explains that the brain chemical dopamine promotes intrinsic motivation.  Dopamine provides a rush when we've achieved a goal and is linked to intrinsic motivation.  Dopamine is produced when people are given choice.  

Some ideas involving choice I thought were interesting:

1) Teacher Tech Playground.  

Monique Flickinger had an interesting article that talked about having a Teacher Tech Playground where teachers have the opportunity to play around with various technology.  It seems like a low stress, fun and supportive environment in which to learn something new.  Also, teachers would have choice as to what technology they would like to try out with some support from their colleagues or the teacher librarian if they choose.

2) Pathways 

From my own experience, being able to play around with technology or ideas on my own time is something that I look for in PD.  One of the most effective PD I've attended happened this past summer, where we learnt about Teams, our district's preferred digital platform.  The day consisted of an online presentation followed by digital handouts.  We were given a 'pathway' or a series of links to videos and other resources to help us discover more about the various applications available to teachers through Teams.  The remainder of the time that day, I was able to explore many videos and try many of the applications out.  I feel like having the time to explore on my own allowed me to learn more deeply about the applications and how they could be useful in my classroom.   One of the reasons that maybe this pathway resonates with me could relate back to my exploration of growth mindset.  Pathways track your progress and as O'Rouke (2016) found in her study, progress tracking is motivating.  I could see developing pathways in other areas to support teachers' learning.


A photograph of the pathway created by Michel Gagnon.  Each icon or button is a link leading to resources.


3) Book Clubs

Book clubs featuring professional books, have been successful at my current school.  Often teachers meet at lunch or after school for an informal chat about the section of the book they had agreed to read.  Given covid isn't going anywhere fast, an online book club for teachers may be a good alternative.  Cheryl Boes describes how an online book club can be advantageous for those who have busy schedules.  She suggests having moderator for the book club who posts questions about the reading in a blog post that teachers can respond to through the comment section.  


Differentiation and Mentorship Are For Teachers, Too

Differentiantion is not only for students.  Teachers benefit as well.  The pathway discussed above is one example of differentiation.  A teacher could start anywhere along that path depending on their experience.  

In the video below, Kristen Daniels points out in this video that by differentiating and providing choice and support for teachers using technology empowers them to affect their school community and beyond. 

Howard (et al 2015) found that teachers who are reluctant to use technology in the classroom do so often because they are not confident that they can trouble shoot if the need arises.  A teacher librarian may be able to work alongside the teacher providing assistance. As Dweck (2014) has found students (or teachers) with a growth mindset realize that if they stick with something and get mentorship when need it, they will learn and grow.  


Your Turn

Supporting teachers I feel requires teachers librarians to firstly develop relationships with those teachers.  Only once the relationships are formed will a teacher librarian know the needs of staff.  Providing inservice opportunities is important and best practices tell us people learn best when they have choice, opportunities to talk and reflect as well as, receive mentorship and support at their level.

How do you support your staff?  What methods have you tried that have been successful?


Works Cited

Howard, Sarah Katherine and Mozejko, Adrian, "Teachers: technology, change and resistance" (2015). Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers. 1830.
https://ro.uow.edu.au/sspapers/1830

 O'Rourke, Eleanor, Erin Peach, Carol S. Dweck, and Zoran Popovic. (2016). Brain Points: A Deeper Look at a Growth Mindset Incentive Structure for an Educational Game. In Proceedings of the Third (2016) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1145/2876034.2876040

Dweck, Carol (2013, July 8) RSA Replay - How to Help Every Child Fulfil Their Potential. [Video].  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yyVZ0KKJuTg


Sunday, February 21, 2021

Learning is a Journey

Gerd Altmann


This week I am looking at my own skills, learning and my PLN. I'll look at where I am now, where I hope to go during my time in LIBE 477 and beyond.


What is a PLN?

Educators are building networks, called PLN's, to help each other learn and share resources.  It seems like the main benefit of building a PLN is that these connections between educators are useful for professional development.  PLN's help keep you up to date with new technologies and ideas. This video gives a good overview of what a PLN is.


Common Sense Media


Where I Am Now


Currently, I am in the classroom teaching grade 4.  At the moment my PLN is mostly face to face and I've only dipped a toe into digital PLN's.  On my own, I have persued professional development in the form of: 1)  Blogs   2) professional books recommended by other teachers. 3) School Book Clubs  4) Conferences and Workshops 5) Conversations and sharing with colleagues.


Where I Am Heading


It’s easier than ever to personalize your own professional development.  There are so many educators around the world who have similar interests and who are sharing their experiences and resources online. As I think about this course and beyond, I realize that there is just too much to know.  As a teacher librarian I think that knowing what is available for teachers in your school is important, but so is knowing where to find the information you need when you don't know the answer to their questions.  The latter seems to be where  a PLN comes in.  I would like to stretch my professional self in 3 areas: Skill Development, Building My PLN, Using My PLN.


1) Skill Development: Makerspaces and Twitter


 A. Makerspaces 

I am interested in Makerspaces since our school has a small room which has been turned into a basic makerspace and few teachers are using it (me included).  Makerspaces are proven to have positive effects on growth mindset (Vongkulluksn et al. 2021)  which has been a focus in my classroom this year.  I have found John Spencers website and Youtube channel to be an excellent resource on how to get a makerspace going and the pedagogy behind them. He states that makerspaces have many benefits for students living and working in the 21st century and should be part of every classroom.



B. Twitter

I am also interested in learning more about Twitter.  I am not comfortable with Twitter yet and need to spend some time learning about it. Many sources (such as this post from CommonSense Media) consider Twitter an excellent way to connect teachers with other teachers all over the world.

Sylvia Duckworth

Also, Nochumson (2018) found in their study that twitter was effective in teacher professional development.  I found a beginners guide to Twitter to help get me started.


When I first began this blog post, I considered Twitter as a way to connect with educators and find ideas and resources.  I had a consumer mindset.  However, as Alec Courous points out in this video on how to use twitter effectively in education, Twitter isn't just for finding ideas, but for developing them too.




2) Growing My PLN


My current digital PLN is limited - I am a consumer not a creator or communicator, but I am hoping to work towards that.  Some steps that I would like to take are:


A.  Build My Twitter Feed

Edublogs has a good list of educators to follow on Twitter.  The list is midway in the post. 


B.  Add to Feedly 

Since beginning this course I have found and followed additional blogs that I have found while looking for information on my current interests.  Makerspaces are a current interest of mine so I have added John Spencer's blog and YouTube channel.  I recently found the Daring Librarian blog as well.  I found a long list of teacher librarian blogs from Teach Thought to pursue, further diversifying my feed.


C. Share and Create

So while I follow and read lots of posts and articles, I am mostly a consumer within my digital PLN.  I hope to move on and create content and communicate within my PLN.  I made my first steps by sharing my reading progress log which incorporates ideas from growth mindset as well as commenting on some colleagues blogs recently.



3) Using My PLN


If I hope to maintain the PLN that I am currently building,  I think I have to use it.  I need to ask for recommendations on Twitter, retweet, reply, share and comment.  Also, comment on the blog posts that resonate with me. The goal is to make using my PLN a habit so that it becomes part of my routine. 

Your Turn


How can I further build my PLN?  Do you have blogs or educators you can recommend for me to follow?





Works Cited:


Talia C. Nochumson (2020) Elementary schoolteachers’ use of Twitter: exploring the implications of learning through online social media, Professional Development in Education,46:2, 306-323, DOI: 10.1080/19415257.2019.1585382

Vanessa W. Vongkulluksn, Ananya M. Matewos & Gale M. Sinatra (2021) Growth mindset development in design-based makerspace: a longitudinal study, The Journal of Educational Research, DOI: 10.1080/00220671.2021.1872473



    


Monday, February 8, 2021

Makerspaces and Growth Mindset: Reading Review C

My reading review looked at whether or not makerspaces could foster growth mindset development.   I knew little about makerspaces until last week. I narrowed my topic down from previous weeks to reflect my growing interest in makerspaces and my continued interest in becoming better at creating a growth mindset environment for my students.  Up to now, I have only used ready to go growth mindset resources and read about growth mindset on teacher blogs. This week I began looking deeper into what growth mindset was, how to foster growth mindset in children and then I looked at makerspaces and how they could enhance growth mindset.

What Is Growth Mindset?

I began with looking for more information on growth mindset.  I found two helpful videos.

RSA (2013, July 8) RSA Replay - How to Help Every Child Fulfil Their Potential. [Video].  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yyVZ0KKJuTg

Carol Dweck coined the phrase Growth Mindset.  Her work centres around the idea that our brains are malleable and that intelligence is not fixed.  Through effort, dedication, learning and mentorship students can increase their intelligence.  Dweck talks about how using the word 'yet' when a student is confronted with a challenge reinforces the idea that students are on a learning continuum.  

 Dweck, C. (2014, November) The Power of Believing That You Can Improve. [Video]. https://www.ted.com/talks/carol_dweck_the_power_of_believing_that_you_can_improve?language=en#t-608685%20

Dweck encourages some changes in adult behaviour to help children develop a growth mindset.  Dweck recommends: 1) Praise the process (effort, strategies, perseverance, focus, improvement) rather than intelligence or achievement 2) Use the word 'yet' with children as doing so improves their confidence.  3) Change student mindsets (teach about what brains do when you're challenged). Dweck also points out how classrooms 'steeped' in growth mindset can be an equalizer of students especially for those who are labelled as disadvantaged or special needs.


How Can Students' Mindset Be Enhanced?

According to Dweck (2014) there are three ways we can help students develop growth mindset (1. Praise process, 2. Use the word "yet" 3. Teach about what your brain does when challenged).  I sought out some articles to support these ideas.

1.  Change Student Mindset: Interventions

Yeager, D.S., Hanselman, P., Walton, G.M. et al. (2019). A national experiment reveals where a growth mindset improves achievement. Nature 573, 364–369. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1466-y

A group of high school students were given a short, one-hour, online growth mindset intervention.  The group of students who received the intervention demonstrated higher levels of achievement in their Math course and were more likely to pursue harder math courses the next year.  Furthermore, schools that had many resources and students who were supported in using their enhanced growth mindset by peers, showed greater gains than students from schools that had fewer resources and less supportive peers.  The authors point out how their study sets the stage for further research into how to enhance both growth mindset intervention as well as the school environment. 
The intervention in this study was done online and not delivered by teachers.  I wonder if teachers could deliver the intervention to students with the same or better results.  This may be an area for future research.

2. Praise the Process

Eleanor O'Rourke, Erin Peach, Carol S. Dweck, and Zoran Popovic. (2016). Brain Points: A Deeper Look at a Growth Mindset Incentive Structure for an Educational Game. In Proceedings of the Third (2016) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1145/2876034.2876040

Researchers developed a video game that rewarded process rather than achievement.  Players were given points when they demonstrated growth mindset behaviours such as effort, trying different strategies and making progress.  This math game rewarded process.  Researchers found that showing student progress in  the form of a chart boosted student motivation to continue playing.  Results showed that students who were rewarded for process demonstrated increased effort, they used more strategies, more engagement (students played the game longer than the control group) and students demonstrated more perseverance when they faced a challenge.

3.  Encourage "Yet'

Dweck (2014) recommends using the word 'yet' with students to bolster confidence.  I interpreted her idea as a suggestion that modelling growth mindset language and behaviours in our daily interactions with students would help foster growth mindset.  Using the word 'yet' when faced with a challenging problem can help students reform their thoughts: "I can't do ___, yet".  This can change the idea of making a mistake from a thing to be avoided to just being part of the learning process.  

Hamilton, Connie. “Kick the IDK Bucket: How to Rid Your Classroom of ‘I Don't Know.’” Cult of Pedagogy, 26 May 2020, www.cultofpedagogy.com/idk/

In this article/podcast the author argues that adding 'yet' isn't enough when faced with a difficult challenge.    Students need a plan to move forward if learning is to occur.  Teaching students strategies to move forward with their learning is necessary.

 Terada, Youki (2020, November 19). The Mistake Imperative—Why We Must Get Over Our Fear of Student Error. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/mistake-imperative-why-we-must-get-over-our-fear-student-error

This article outlines 5 ways teachers can create a mistake friendly classroom. These ideas can help students normalize making mistakes through teacher modelling and changes in the classroom. I believe the suggestions can be applied to makerspaces as well.

1.  Acknowledge that the fear of making mistakes is real by identifying and confronting destructive thinking replace "I'm stupid" with "I'm learning".
2.  Work in the Zone of Proximal Thinking by providing students with challenging, open ended problems
3.  Tap into Passion since when students are into the subject they are more likely to tolerate mistakes.
4.   Encourage Rough Draft Thinking, which gives permission to ask questions and revise without having to worry they are wrong
5.  Grade Fewer things which results in lower stress classroom environments, where students can take risks.


Can Makerspaces Support the Development of Growth Mindset?

I found only one article that directly addressed the idea that makerspaces can influence growth mindset development. Out of the 3 ways Dweck (2014) outlined to help children develop growth mindset, the below article only studied that of intervention.

1.  Intervention: 

Vanessa W. Vongkulluksn, Ananya M. Matewos & Gale M. Sinatra (2021) Growth mindset development in design-based makerspace: a longitudinal study, The Journal of Educational Research, DOI: 10.1080/00220671.2021.1872473

Design based makerspaces are makerspaces structured around the design process.   Researchers compared the stages of design with growth mindset intervention strategies and found many similarities: 1) Emphasis on process 2) Value effort 3) Feedback focused on process goals.   Researchers found that students who participated in the design based makerspace showed an increase in growth mindset development.  One of the unintentional findings was that growth mindset development may not occur immediately after being part of a design based makerspace.  There can be a time lag.    This study showed that using proven intervention strategies within a designed based makerspace can enhance growth mindset in students.

What I noticed with this study was that there was no direct instruction about how the brain works or on growth mindset, which is one of the ways Dweck (2014) recommends to increase growth mindset in children. This may be something to consider for future research.

2. Praise the Process and 3. Encourage "Yet"

I was not able to find anything in the literature that referred to specific strategies regarding praise or growth mindset behaviours to model in the makerspace.  Of course, this is up to the teacher and teachers vary in their knowledge, application and beliefs surrounding growth mindset. It would be hard to quantify this.  However,  I do think it would be interesting to see if growth mindset strategies taught intentionally during makerspace experiences could prove beneficial in developing growth mindset. I would be interested in seeing if an  online intervention like that done by Yaeger (et al., 2019) combined with students invovlement in a  makerspace could result in further enhancing students growth mindset.

Overall, while there is some evidence to support the idea that makerspaces foster growth mindset, there is not much.  A lot can be inferred from existing studies but little has been proven.  The one study that I did find is relatively new and hasn't been replicated or peer reviewed from what I could find.  There are an abundance of paths for researchers to follow in this area.

My Vision of the Future

It's hard to believe that my first course teacher librarian course has come to an end. I have learned a lot and have enjoyed the course....